Prévalence des facteurs de risque des maladies cardiovasculaires et du syndrome métabolique chez les femmes de la région de Meknès, Maroc

Cardiovascular disease is an emerging public health concern around the world. Several factors favoring the occurrence of these diseases have been identified. The objective of our study was to investigate cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) in military wives consulting at the Moulay Ismail Military Hospital in Meknes (Morocco). It is a prospective study interesting 800 women. Anthropometric characteristics (weight, height, waist circumference, parity), socioeconomics, and medical history of the study population, were collected on a predetermined sheet. Obesity was assessed by calculating the body mass index (BMI). The patients benefited of a measurement of blood pressure and biochemical tests. Metabolic syndrome (MS) was defined according to the International Diabetes Federation (IDF). The median age of the study population was 38 ± 5 years, the median waist circumference was 101.0 ± 8.53 cm, and median BMI was 28.39 ± 3.11 kg/m2. Approximately 98% of patients had abdominal obesity. The prevalence of hypertension was 32%, while 27% of participants had hyperglycemia, and 18% had dyslipidemia. SM was present in 28% of patients. This study showed a high prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors, especially abdominal obesity, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes. Overall, the prevalence of CVRF increases with age, parity degree, low level of income and education. The result suggests a significant increase in cardiovascular diseases in the coming years.