Emerging variant of genotype XIII Newcastle disease virus from Northeast India

Northeast India with its rich and diverse avifauna acts as a hotbed for emerging virulent Newcastle disease virus (NDV) strains. The present work describes the molecular and pathogenic characterization of NDV strain isolated from Pandu, Assam, India. Clinicopathological and genetic analysis showed the virulent nature of NDV strain Pandu. On molecular phylogenetic and evolutionary distance analysis, the NDV strain Pandu formed a distinct clade within the genotype XIII of class II NDV, suggesting a new sub-genotype XIIIc. The accumulation of mutations in the NDV strain Pandu makes it divergent enough to be considered as a new sub-genotype. The proposed NDV sub-genotype XIIIc consists of strains recently reported from eastern and northeastern India.