Epidemiology and associated risk factors of Parkinson's disease among the north Indian population

•67.71/105 prevalence of Parkinson's disease (PD) has been observed in north Indians.•Depression and arterial blood pressure has been associated with the progression of PD.•PD can be associated with risk factors such as male gender, T2DM, head injury and trauma.•PD can be also associated with genetic history and Alzheimer's disease.

BackgroundParkinson's disease (PD) is complicated with several cardiovascular risk factors such as diabetes, obesity and hypertension. The epidemiological exploration of PD patients in regard to north Indian population is limited in literature. Thus, present study aimed with an epidemiological study of PD and its associated risk factors among the north Indian population.MethodsWe examined total 384,000 individuals, out of which 260 patients with PD were diagnosed and identified during the period of September-2011 to August-2015. Sociodemographic and clinical status of patients was recorded. Blood pressure and depressive status were measured by expert clinicians as per standard protocol.ResultsIn present explorative study the prevalence of PD, 67.71 per 100,000 individuals has been observed. The observed male/female ratio was 2.66. On Beck Depression Inventory scale for the measurement of depression, 55% depressive PD patients have been observed which included 40% and 15% PD patients with minor and major depression, respectively. Arterial systolic/diastolic blood pressure <130/80, 130/80 to 139/89 and ≥140/90 mmHg have been observed in 23.85%, 35.77% and 40.38% of patients with PD, respectively. Genetic history, head injury/trauma, type-2 diabetes and association of Alzheimer's disease were 5.40%, 7.31%, 6.54% and 3.46% observed among the patients with PD, respectively.ConclusionsThe study concluded that PD with 67.71 (per 100,000) of prevalence rate can be associated with several risk factors such as male gender, genetic history, head injury/trauma, type-2 diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, depression and blood pressure among the populations of North India.