Molecular Mechanisms of Natural Honey Against H. pylori Infection Via Suppression of NF-κB and AP-1 Activation in Gastric Epithelial Cells

Our findings suggest that natural honey exerts its inhibitory effects against H. pylori by inhibiting NF-κB and AP-1 activation and downregulation of COX-2 expression. These results provide new mechanistic insights into honey effects in the suppression of H. pylori infection.