Nosocomial infections and infection control

Nosocomial infections are a leading cause of avoidable harm in hospital patients and a substantial, unnecessary drain on healthcare resources. They are frequently caused by bacteria that are resistant to multiple antibiotics, and the treatment of nosocomial infections contributes to the selection of resistant bacteria. Understanding the complex interplay of factors that contribute to nosocomial infection is a necessary first step to improving patient outcomes. This article highlights the role of pathogens, patients, practice and place in both aetiology and management of nosocomial infections, and references additional reading for more detailed information.