Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
5685070 | Translational Research | 2017 | 28 Pages |
Abstract
Gut microbiota changes are important in determining the occurrence and progression of chronic liver disease related to alcohol, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and cirrhosis. Specifically, the systemic inflammation, endotoxemia, and the vasodilation that leads to complications such as spontaneous bacterial peritonitis and hepatic encephalopathy could be related to the gut milieu. Given the poor prognosis of these events, their prevention and early management are essential. Microbiota may be an essential component of the gut milieu that can impact these clinical events, and the study of their composition and function in a culture-independent manner could help understand the prognosis. Recent human and animal studies have shown that the relative abundance and the functional changes of microbiota in the stool, colonic mucosa, and saliva have varying consequences on the presence and prognosis of chronic liver disease and cirrhosis. The impact of therapies on the microbiota is slowly being understood and will likely lead to a more targeted approach to gut microbiota modification in chronic liver disease and cirrhosis.
Keywords
NAFLDFXRNCDMCDSAHACLFmethionine-choline deficientNoahSCFALCFASBPCDRNLRsLPSfarnesoid X receptorTLRsALDhepatic encephalopathynonalcoholic steatohepatitisLong chain fatty acidsShort chain fatty acidsBacterial translocationalcoholic liver diseaseNonalcoholic fatty liver diseasetumor necrosis factor alphaacute on chronic liver failurenormal chow dietTNF-αlipopolysaccharidemodel for end stage liver diseaseIntestinal microbiotaNash Nitric oxideSevere alcoholic hepatitisspontaneous bacterial peritonitisMELDNOD-like receptorsToll-like receptors
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Authors
Naga S. Betrapally, Patrick M. Gillevet, Jasmohan S. Bajaj,