| Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5686391 | The Journal of Urology | 2017 | 25 Pages |
Abstract
While bacillus Calmette-Guérin has demonstrated significant clinical efficacy in the treatment of patients with bladder cancer, additional therapies are needed for those in whom bacillus Calmette-Guérin fails, as well as for those with advanced disease. Immunotherapy for urothelial carcinoma remains a promising and active area of research, and numerous agents, particularly the monoclonal antibodies targeting checkpoint inhibition pathways, are showing encouraging signs of clinical activity.
Keywords
CTLA-4APCTLRBCGTCrCISRCCCTANMIBCTURFDAnatural killerBacillus Calmette-Guérincytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4Cancer testis antigenHuman leukocyte antigenHLAU.S. Food and Drug AdministrationCell cycle checkpointsimmunotherapyImmunohistochemistryIHCinterferonIFNToll-like receptorretinoblastomaTransurethral resectionUrothelial cancernonsmall cell lung cancerNSCLCNonmuscle invasive bladder cancerantigen presenting celladverse eventCARmajor histocompatibility complexMHCUrologic neoplasmsBCG vaccineCancer vaccinesCarcinoma in situRenal cell carcinomachimeric antigen receptorT-cell receptor
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Authors
Nicholas M. Donin, Andrew T. Lenis, Stuart Holden, Alexandra Drakaki, Allan Pantuck, Arie Belldegrun, Karim Chamie,