Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
5688636 | Urology | 2017 | 6 Pages |
ObjectiveTo present a prospectively studied series of patients who underwent second-look flexible nephroscopy combined with holmium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Ho:YAG) laser lithotripsy under local anesthesia for residual stone removal after percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL).Materials and MethodsThirty consecutive eligible patients who underwent a PCNL procedure in the previous 48-96 hours were included. The inclusion criteria were the following: (1) 1 or 2 residual stones 0.8-1.5âcm in diameter and (2) age >18 years. Approximately 15âmL of a 2% solution of lidocaine hydrochloride was injected through the nephrostomy tube, which was then clamped for 15 minutes. Flexible nephroscopy was combined with Ho:YAG laser lithotripsy set at 0.8 Joules and 8âHz. Patients were asked to rate their pain intensity using the numeric rating scale (NRS).ResultsThere were 14 (46.7%) men and 16 (53.3%) women in the study, with a mean age of 45.2â±â17.5 years. Twenty-one (70%) patients had 1 stone and 9 (30%) had 2 stones needing fragmentation. Twenty-eight (93.3%) patients successfully underwent the procedure under local anesthesia. The mean NRS value was 1.39â±â1.08 (range 0-5). For the entire group, there was a statistically significant difference between those patients with 1 stone vs 2 stones needing fragmentation (NRS scores of 1.1â±â0.77 vs 2.1â±â1.36, respectively, Pâ=â.033). Operative time >30 minutes was associated with higher NRS score. The stone-free rate under local anesthesia was 86.7%.ConclusionFor patients with a minimal to moderate residual stone burden after PCNL, second-look flexible nephroscopy can be combined with Ho:YAG laser lithotripsy using only local anesthesia.