| Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5694484 | Fertility and Sterility | 2016 | 6 Pages |
Abstract
Oligospermic and azoospermic patients with clinical varicocele who undergo VR experience improved live birth rates and PRs with IVF or IVF/ICSI. For persistently azoospermic men after VR requiring TESE for IVF/ICSI, VR improves sperm retrieval rates. Therefore, VR should be considered to have substantial benefits for couples with a clinical varicocele even if oligospermia or azoospermia persists after repair and ART is required.
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Authors
E. Will M.D., Laura Elizabeth M.S., Saneal M.D., Karen M.L.I.S., Robert M. M.D.,