Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
5696434 | Journal of Reproductive Immunology | 2017 | 6 Pages |
Abstract
Eclampsia (together with epilepsy) being the first disease ever written down since the beginning of writings in mankind 5000 years ago, we will make a brief presentation of the different major steps in comprehension of Pre-eclampsia. 1) 1840. Rayer, description of proteinuria in eclampsia, 2) 1897 Vaquez, discovery of gestational hypertension in eclamptic women, 3) In the 1970â²s, description of the “double” trophoblastic invasion existing only in humans (Brosens & Pijnenborg,), 4) between the 1970â²s and the 1990â²s, description of preeclampsia being a couple disease. The “paternity problem” (and therefore irruption of immunology), 5) at the end of the 1980â²s, a major step forward: Preeclampsia being a global endothelial cell disease (glomeruloendotheliosis, hepatic or cerebral endotheliosis, HELLP, eclampsia), inflammation (J.Roberts. C Redman, R Taylor), 6) End of the 1990â²s: Consensus for a distinction between early onset preeclampsia EOP and late onset LOP (34 weeks gestation), EOP being rather a problem of implantation of the trophoblast (and the placenta), LOP being rather a pre-existing maternal problem (obesity, diabetes, coagulopathies etcâ¦). LOP is predominant everywhere on this planet, but enormously predominant in developed countries: 90% of cases. This feature is very different in countries where women have their first child very young (88% of world births), where the fatal EOP (early onset) occurs in more than 30% of cases. 7) What could be the common factor which could explain the maternal global endotheliosis in EOP and LOP? Discussion about the inositol phospho glycans P type.
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Authors
Pierre-Yves Robillard, Gustaaf Dekker, Gérard Chaouat, Marco Scioscia, Silvia Iacobelli, Thomas C. Hulsey,