Programmed cell death-1/Programmed cell death ligand-1(PD-1/PD-L1) inhibitors, heralding a new era of immunotherapy in the management of advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)

Current and future research will focus on novel immunotherapeutic agents and additional drug combination trials, as well as investigating tumor-specific biomarkers, including PD-L1 expression and other immune signatures, to predict which patients may best benefit from the new checkpoint inhibition drug regimens. In the near future, clinicians will have more choices of potential first line treatment regimens for NSCLC patients, and eventually targeted therapies and immunotherapy may prove more efficacious and safer than current platinum-based chemotherapy.