Bony Augmentation for Anterior and Posterior Glenohumeral Instability in the Contact Athlete

Glenoid and humeral bone loss is an increasingly recognized cause of recurrent instability and failure of soft tissue stabilization in both anterior and posterior glenohumeral instability. Given that participation in contact and collision sports is associated with a greater risk of recurrent glenohumeral instability, a thorough understanding of the pathoanatomy, clinical evaluation, and treatment of this condition is paramount. This review provides an overview of the pathoanatomy and clinical evaluation of shoulder instability with bone loss as well as bony augmentation procedures for treatment of the condition.