Mini-Symposium: NeuropathologyUpdates and review of neoplastic paediatric neuropathology

Tumours of the central nervous system are the second most common type of malignancy in the paediatric population, after haematopoietic malignancies. With the 2016 edition of the WHO Classification of the Tumours of the Central Nervous System (CNS), a diagnostic approach to paediatric CNS malignancies has been adopted, which increasingly incorporates molecular parameters, as well as histologic features. This classification system represents a major restructuring of many paediatric central nervous system tumours. This review aims to highlight the areas in the WHO 2016 classification system that have undergone the greatest changes in paediatric tumours of the central nervous system, as well as to review the key histologic and clinical components of these entities. The greatest changes in classification were adopted in embryonal tumours and paediatric diffuse midline gliomas with histone H3 mutations, while low grade astrocytic and glioneuronal tumours also underwent important grading changes.