Experimental research on the effectiveness of speed reduction markings based on driving simulation: A case study

•We tested the effectiveness of speed reduction markings (SRMs).•We did an empirical research based on a driving simulator.•We used the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the contrast analysis.•Longitudinal speed reduction markings (LSRMs) would slightly influence subjects’ speed choice and maneuver, but such effects were not significant.•Transverse speed reduction markings (TSRMs) could significantly influence subjects’ speed choice and maneuver.

The objective of this paper is to test the effectiveness of speed reduction markings (SRMs). The empirical data including vehicle operations and drivers’ psychological and physical reactions were collected in a driving simulator. An index—the relative speed difference—was developed to evaluate the effectiveness of speed reduction markings. Researchers analyzed data to test the effectiveness of speed reduction markings and quantitatively study their effects and the deceleration process. Out of 15 subjects, there were 1 (7%), 2 (13%), and 7 (47%) subjects who decelerated while driving through the downhill section in the No SRMs scenario, Longitudinal SRMs scenario and Transverse SRMs scenario, respectively. In terms of speed and subjects’ decelerating maneuver, the results of the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the contrast analysis (S–N–K method) showed that transverse speed reduction markings (TSRMs) could significantly influence subjects’ speed choice and maneuver (P < 0.05).