Concomitant unilateral post-traumatic leg and foot compartment syndrome in a 5 years-old child - Case report

•Concomitant leg and foot compartment syndrome in a child.•5 years old male child with leg trauma and significant swelling.•Examination finding and radiological evaluation.•Surgical treatment and fracture fixation.•Intra-operative finding.•Post-operative fasciotomy wound care.•Secondary closure and follow up.

BackgroundCompartment syndrome is one of the most serious orthopedic emergencies [4]. It is usually anticipated and looked at in every single orthopedic case. Early recognition and management of those cases are quite important in order to avoid the devastating consequences of such condition.Case summaryThis is a case report of a 5 years old child with concomitant unilateral leg and foot compartment syndrome after a roll over trauma. The patient was presented with significant leg and foot swelling, severe pain and absent distal pulses. He was rushed to operative theatre where compartments decompression and fracture fixation were performed. Vac dressing and secondary closure followed the primary treatment. Post-operatively, the patient improved in a good way with no heeling complications or functional deficits.ConclusionCompartment syndrome in children is a serious complication that can occur after trauma, high index of suspicion is crucial to start early management and to avoid complications. This injury can occur in un-fractured limb and in more than one site at the same time.