Cognitive research in zoos

•Cognitive research run in zoos is topically representative of the field generally.•Most zoo research is with primates, but there is little work with other species.•Zoos house many species offering great potential for comparative cognition research.•A number of experimental techniques have been applied in a zoo setting.•Zoo research creates increased possibilities for public engagement with science.

Many zoos are committed to conservation efforts and answering applied questions about veterinary care and welfare. It is less common, however, for basic science to be conducted in zoos. Comparative cognitive research run in zoos is gaining momentum, with more zoos becoming involved and a greater diversity of species being studied. The majority of cognitive research in zoos is conducted with primates, bears, and elephants. There is less cognitive research run with other species, in particular birds, reptiles and insects, or with zoo visitors. Given the number and variety of animals they house, zoos offer a unique forum to expand the taxonomic focus of cognitive research, especially via multi-institutional collaborations, whilst creating an opportunity to foster public engagement with research.