Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
5737666 | Neuroscience | 2017 | 50 Pages |
Abstract
Many neuropsychiatric disorders show localized dysfunction in specific cortical regions. The mechanisms underlying such region-specific vulnerabilities are unknown. Post-mortem analyses have demonstrated a selective reduction in the expression of parvalbumin (PV) in GABAergic interneurons in the frontal rather than the sensory cortex of patients with neuropsychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia, autism spectrum disorders, and bipolar disorders. PV neurons are surrounded by perineuronal nets (PNNs), and are protected from oxidative stress. Previous studies have shown that the characteristics of PNNs are brain region-specific. Therefore, we hypothesized that PV neurons and PNNs may be targeted in region-specific lesions in the brain. Oxidative stress was induced in mice by rearing them in socially isolated conditions. We systemically examined the distribution of PV neurons and PNNs in the brains of these mice as well as a control group. Our results show that the regions frequently affected in neuropsychiatric disorders show significantly lower PV expression and a lower percentage of PV neurons surrounded by PNNs in the brains of socially isolated mice. These results indicate that PV neurons and PNNs exhibit region-specific vulnerabilities. Our findings may be useful for elucidating the mechanisms underlying region-specific disruption of the brain in neuropsychiatric disorders.
Keywords
CA3ectorhinal cortexPRHS1BFDACWFACA1ECTPNNVulnerabilitycornu ammonis area 1Social isolationCornu Ammonis area 3Perineuronal netperineuronal netsdentate gyrusinfralimbic cortexprimary somatosensory cortexprimary motor cortexdorsal anterior cingulate cortexperirhinal cortexprelimbic cortexMouseWisteria floribunda agglutininParvalbumin
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Authors
Hiroshi Ueno, Shunsuke Suemitsu, Shinji Murakami, Naoya Kitamura, Kenta Wani, Motoi Okamoto, Yosuke Matsumoto, Takeshi Ishihara,