Organic Urbanism: Human-oriented Design for Metropolises

Existing theories of sustainable development have failed to address three common structural elementsof the human-oriented transportation system: healthy neighborhoods, Transit-Oriented Developments (TODs) connected by integrated public-soft transportation network. The newly emerged conceptual model for zero-emission and zero-waste urban design named Green Urbanism like the previous theories has failed to develop those three structural elements of organic city.In this paper, approaches regarding the successful integration of soft transportation to the transit network will be discussed. Secondly, the best physical standard for TOD will be determined by comparing TODs in Japan, Denmark, Ukraine and Turkey by socio-economic indicators of each TOD type. Finally, the concept of healthy neighborhood will be developed based on the Lehmann's healthy community&district definitions, concept of human oriented transportation, and the latest eco-mobility study from Barcelona. Thus, new conceptual model for sustainable city will be proposed.