Article ID Journal Published Year Pages File Type
5750322 Science of The Total Environment 2017 9 Pages PDF
Abstract

•Atmospheric mercury depletion may occur in austral summer over the Southern Ocean.•GEM-depleted air form the Antarctic Plateau may transport to MBL.•Elevated GEM concentrations in the MBL and DGM are linked with sea ice change.•The Southern Ocean is a net source for gaseous element mercury in the summer.

Gaseous elemental mercury (GEM) in the marine boundary layer (MBL), and dissolved gaseous mercury (DGM) in surface seawater of the Southern Ocean were measured in the austral summer from December 13, 2014 to February 1, 2015. GEM concentrations in the MBL ranged from 0.4 to 1.9 ng m− 3 (mean ± standard deviation: 0.9 ± 0.2 ng m− 3), whereas DGM concentrations in surface seawater ranged from 7.0 to 75.9 pg L− 1 (mean ± standard deviation: 23.7 ± 13.2 pg L− 1). The occasionally observed low GEM in the MBL suggested either the occurrence of atmospheric mercury depletion in summer, or the transport of GEM-depleted air from the Antarctic Plateau. Elevated GEM concentrations in the MBL and DGM concentrations in surface seawater were consistently observed in the ice-covered region of the Ross Sea implying the influence of the sea ice environment. Diminishing sea ice could cause more mercury evasion from the ocean to the air. Using the thin film gas exchange model, the air-sea fluxes of gaseous mercury in non-ice-covered area during the study period were estimated to range from 0.0 to 6.5 ng m− 2 h− 1 with a mean value of 1.5 ± 1.8 ng m− 2 h− 1, revealing GEM (re-)emission from the East Southern Ocean in summer.

Graphical abstractDownload high-res image (123KB)Download full-size image

Keywords
Related Topics
Life Sciences Environmental Science Environmental Chemistry
Authors
, , , ,