Temperature- and texture-dependent dielectric model for frozen and thawed mineral soils at a frequency of 1.4Â GHz

The developed integral dielectric model for frozen and thawed mineral soils was validated using the dielectric data for five measured soils, and the statistical errors were estimated in terms of the root mean square error and the determination coefficient. In addition, the only known in the literature dielectric model for frozen soils suggested by Zhang was validated based on dielectric data for soils measured in this research. The comparative analysis proved substantially better accuracy of predictions in the case of the developed model as compared to those related to the Zhang model.