Thermal conductivities of frozen and unfrozen soils at three project sites in northern Manitoba

The authors' research involved geothermal modeling of current and future seasonal ground temperatures under highway embankments and transmission line towers on degrading permafrost in northern Manitoba, Canada. This paper describes a part of the larger study that used a thermal needle to measure thermal conductivities of samples taken from three sites. Analyses that used these measured thermal conductivities produced better modeling of seasonal temperatures than analyses that used empirical values from the research literature.