Age-related cataracts: Homocysteine coupled endoplasmic reticulum stress and suppression of Nrf2-dependent antioxidant protection

Article ID	Journal	Published Year	Pages	File Type
5848245	Chemico-Biological Interactions	2012	10 Pages	PDF

Abstract

âº Increase in homocysteine level is associated with age-related cataracts (ARC). âº Higher levels of homocysteine induce ER stress. âº ER stress induce Ca++ release, calpain activation, proteolysis and ROS production. âº Resulted in Nrf2 degradation and failure of Nrf2-dependent antioxidant protection. âº Homocysteine is elevated in old age which is associated with the formation of ARC.

Keywords

UPR nuclear factor-erythroid-2-related factor 2 HLECs IRE LEC Hcy ATF6 eIF2α XBP1 PKC PDI FCS DAPI RT-PCR GAPDH ATF4 GSH DMEM Nrf2 2′,7′-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole BiP keap1 C/EBP homologous protein PKR-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase ROS Age-related cataract Antioxidants ethidium homodimer-1 ER stress CHOP Real time-polymerase chain reaction fetal calf serum lens epithelial cells human lens epithelial cells endoplasmic reticulum eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α antioxidant response element activating transcription factor 4 activating transcription factor 6 Arc Dulbecco’s modified eagle’s medium ARE homocysteine Unfolded protein response X-box-binding protein 1 protein disulfide isomerase Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 Protein kinase C PERK glutathione reductase glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase Reactive oxygen species