Evaluation of biodegradability and oxidation degree of hospital wastewater using photo-Fenton process as the pretreatment method

In this work, the photo-Fenton process was used for the pretreatment of hospital wastewater with the objective of improving its overall biodegradability and determining the degree of increased oxidation. The chemical oxygen demand (COD), 5-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), total organic carbon (TOC) and toxicity towards the gram negative marine bioluminescent bacteria of the species V. fischeri were selected as the environmental sum parameters to follow the performance of this process. The enhancement of biodegradability, evaluated in terms of the BOD5/COD ratio, increased from 0.3 to 0.52 and the oxidation degree, calculated in terms of AOS, leveled up from −1.14 to +1.58 at the optimum conditions; a dosage ratio of COD:H2O2:Fe(II) at 1:4:0.1, and a reaction pH of 3. The reduction in the inhibition percentage from the toxicity test indicated the safe levels for micro-organisms in degrading the residual organic substance in this method. Almost total removal percentages of COD, BOD5, and TOC were found by a sequential activated sludge process for the pre-treated wastewater. Results obtained from this work indicated that the photo-Fenton process could be a suitable pretreatment method in reducing toxicity of pollutants and enhancing biodegradability of hospital wastewaters treated in a coupled photochemical-biological system.