Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
5858401 | Reproductive Toxicology | 2015 | 10 Pages |
Abstract
Early life exposure to estrogens and estrogen like contaminants in the environment is thought to contribute to the early onset of puberty and consequently increases the risk of developing breast cancer in the exposed female. The results of this study show that in utero exposure to the metalloestrogen arsenite altered mammary gland development prior to its effect on puberty onset. In the prepubertal gland, in utero exposure resulted in an increase in the number of mammosphere-forming cells and an increase in branching, epithelial cells, and density. In the postpubertal gland, in utero exposure resulted in the overexpression of estrogen receptor-alpha (ERα) that was due to the increased and altered response of the ERα transcripts derived from exons O and OT to estradiol. These results suggest that, in addition to advancing puberty onset, in utero exposure to arsenite alters the pre- and postpubertal development of the mammary gland and possibly, the risk of developing breast cancer.
Keywords
EGFN-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N-2-ethane sulfonic acidERαDEPCi.p.PGRqRT-PCRFGFDTTHEPESarseniteEDTAethylenediamine tetraacetic acidintraperitonealIn uterodiethylpyrocarbonatedithiothreitolepidermal growth factorfibroblast growth factorquantitative real-time polymerase chain reactionestrogen receptor-alphaProgesterone receptor
Related Topics
Life Sciences
Environmental Science
Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis
Authors
Daniela A. Parodi, Morgan Greenfield, Claire Evans, Anna Chichura, Alexandra Alpaugh, James Williams, Mary Beth Martin,