Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
5861221 | Toxicology in Vitro | 2016 | 12 Pages |
Abstract
The aims of this study were to examine the effects of CdCl2 on the viability, migration and cytoskeleton of cultured mouse TM4 Sertoli cells. Time- and concentration-dependent changes were exhibited by the cells but 1 μM CdCl2 was sub-cytotoxic at all time-points. Exposure to 1 and 12 μM CdCl2 for 4 h resulted in disruption of the leading edge, as determined by chemical staining. Cell migration was inhibited by both 1 and 12 μM CdCl2 in a scratch assay monitored by live cell imaging, although exposure to the higher concentration was associated with cell death. Western blotting and immunofluorescence staining indicated that CdCl2 caused a concentration dependent reduction in actin and tubulin levels. Exposure to Cd2 + also resulted in significant changes in the levels and/or phosphorylation status of the microtubule and microfilament destabilising proteins cofilin and stathmin, suggesting disruption of cytoskeletal dynamics. Given that 1-12 μM Cd2 + is attainable in vivo, our findings are consistent with the possibility that Cd2 + induced impairment of testicular development and reproductive health may involve a combination of reduced Sertoli cell migration and impaired Sertoli cell viability depending on the timing, level and duration of exposure.
Keywords
MTS5-FUPBSCdCl2H and EDAPIAIDACFSESDSTBSIC50FITCMFS3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindoleBSADMSOMTTbovine serum albuminTris-buffered salineTesticular developmentDimethyl sulfoxidesodium dodecyl sulphateSertoli cellsReproductive toxicityPhosphate buffered salinefluorescein isothiocyanate5-fluorouracillactate dehydrogenaseLDHCell migrationMicrofilamentsMicrotubuleshaematoxylin and eosinCytoskeletoncarboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimidyl esterCadmium chloride
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Authors
Biola F. Egbowon, Wayne Harris, Gordon Arnott, Chris Lloyd Mills, Alan J. Hargreaves,