Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
5861247 | Toxicology in Vitro | 2016 | 7 Pages |
Abstract
Oral absorption is a key element for safety assessments of cosmetic ingredients, including hair dye molecules. Reliable in vitro methods are needed since the European Union has banned the use of animals for the testing of cosmetic ingredients. Caco-2 cells were used to measure the intestinal permeability characteristics (Papp) of 14 aromatic amine hair dye molecules with varying chemical structures, and the data were compared with historical in vivo oral absorption rat data. The majority of the hair dyes exhibited Papp values that indicated good in vivo absorption. The moderate to high oral absorption findings, i.e. â¥Â 60%, were confirmed in in vivo rat studies. Moreover, the compound with a very low Papp value (APB: 3-((9,10-dihydro-9,10-dioxo-4-(methylamino)-1-anthracenyl)amino)-N,N-dimethyl-N-propyl-1-propanaminium) was poorly absorbed in vivo as well (5% of the dose). This data set suggests that the Caco-2 cell model is a reliable in vitro tool for the determination of the intestinal absorption of aromatic amines with diverse chemical structures. When used in combination with other in vitro assays for metabolism and skin penetration, the Caco-2 model can contribute to the prediction and mechanistic interpretation of the absorption, metabolism and elimination properties of cosmetic ingredients without the use of animals.
Keywords
OECDno adverse effect levelTDANOELHPDNOAELP-gpAHTHCRTEERHcySCCsAPBHBSSAmCAMEHMAAEPCENAMPACPCaco-2AUCDMSOP-glycoproteinOral absorptionIn vitroDimethyl sulfoxideHair dyesOrganization for Economic Co-operation and DevelopmentCosmeticsHank's balanced salt solutiontransepithelial electrical resistancearea under the curvePredictionScientific Committee on Consumer SafetyHAp
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Authors
Cindy Obringer, John Manwaring, Carsten Goebel, Nicola J. Hewitt, Helga Rothe,