Room Air Resuscitation and Targeted Oxygenation for Infants at Birth in the Delivery Room

The results of several clinical trials suggest that infants born depressed can be successfully resuscitated with room air. In 2010, the American Heart Association, American Academy of Pediatrics, Neonatal Resuscitation Program, and the International Liaison Committee published new guidelines to initiate the resuscitation of the term neonate with 21% oxygen. Although this recommendation cannot be extrapolated to the preterm neonate, the use of oxygen for resuscitation in this population can be used cautiously.