Evolution of cardiac dysfunction in patients with antiphospholipid antibodies and/or antiphospholipid syndrome: A 10-year follow-up study

Among patients with APS and SLE (with or without aPL), SLE/APS and disease duration were independent factors for valvular disease progression in the present 10-year follow-up echocardiography study. Anticoagulation did not arrest valvular disease progression. Ventricular diastolic dysfunction, primarily of the left ventricle, also progressed over the 10-year period.