Differences in early osteogenesis and bone micro-architecture in anterior lumbar interbody fusion with rhBMP-2, equine bone protein extract, and autograft

This study reveals large differences in microstructure in the early osteogenesis and explains important mechanisms of early bone formation using rhBMP-2, COLLOSS E or autograft treatment. These differences might explain some of the unfortunate events reported such as edema, swelling, and excessive bone formation using different bone graft substitutes in spinal fusion procedures.