Escherichia coli-induced productions of pro-inflammatory cytokines are regulated by MAP kinases and G-protein but not by Akt: Relationship with phylogenetic groups and resistance patterns

► Impact of virulence and resistance patterns of Escherichia coli on immune response. ► Productions of TNF-α and IL-1β in whole blood assay. ► Susceptible strains induce greater cytokines productions than resistant strains. ► ERK kinase plays a major role in viable E. coli strains. ► E. coli alter pertussis toxin-sensitive G-protein through TLR4-independent mechanism.