Prevalence and long-term glucose metabolism evolution of post-transplant diabetes mellitus in Chinese renal recipients

AimTo assess the prevalence and predictors of post-transplant diabetes mellitus (PTDM) in Chinese renal recipients and describe their long-term evolution of glucose metabolism.Methods887 non-diabetic Chinese adult renal recipients were studied retrospectively, with a median follow-up of 7 years. PTDM patients were categorized into transient PTDM and permanent PTDM. The cumulative incidence and risk factors of PTDM were estimated by Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression.ResultsThe cumulative incidence of PTDM at 3 months, 1, 3, 5, 10, 15 and 20 years post-transplant was 10.4%, 11.4%, 13.4%, 15.2%, 22.7%, 27.9% and 38.3%, respectively. 61.9% of PTDM cases were diagnosed within the first three months and 61.6% of them developed persistent diabetes in the future. Risk factors for all PTDM included older age, body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m2, triglycerides ≥ 1.5 mmol/L, rejection, the use of tacrolimus and diltiazem. The predictors of permanent PTDM included age >50 years (RR = 2.322, 95% CI 1.255-4.296, P = 0.007), BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 (RR = 1.699, 95% CI 1.014-2.846, P = 0.044) and the use of tacrolimus (RR = 1.835, 95% CI 1.181-2.851, P = 0.007).ConclusionsPatients were most susceptible to PTDM within the first three months post-transplant and more than half of them developed persistent diabetes in the future. Age >50 years, overweight and tacrolimus application were risk factors for both PTDM and permanent PTDM.