Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
5901156 | General and Comparative Endocrinology | 2014 | 11 Pages |
Abstract
The aim of the current study was to phenotype fish metabolism and the transcriptionally-mediated response of hepatic mitochondria of gilthead sea bream to intermittent and repetitive environmental stressors: (i) changes in water temperature (T-ST), (ii) changes in water level and chasing (C-ST) and (iii) multiple sensory perception stressors (M-ST). Gene expression profiling was done using a quantitative PCR array of 60 mitochondria-related genes, selected as markers of transcriptional regulation, oxidative metabolism, respiration uncoupling, antioxidant defense, protein import/folding/assembly, and mitochondrial dynamics and apoptosis. The mitochondrial phenotype mirrored changes in fish performance, haematology and lactate production. T-ST especially up-regulated transcriptional factors (PGC1α, NRF1, NRF2), rate limiting enzymes of fatty acid β-oxidation (CPT1A) and tricarboxylic acid cycle (CS), membrane translocases (Tim/TOM complex) and molecular chaperones (mtHsp10, mtHsp60, mtHsp70) to improve the oxidative capacity in a milieu of a reduced feed intake and impaired haematology. The lack of mitochondrial response, increased production of lactate and negligible effects on growth performance in C-ST fish were mostly considered as a switch from aerobic to anaerobic metabolism. A strong down-regulation of PGC1α, NRF1, NRF2, CPT1A, CS and markers of mitochondrial dynamics and apoptosis (BAX, BCLX, MFN2, MIRO2) occurred in M-ST fish in association with the greatest circulating cortisol concentration and a reduced lactate production and feed efficiency, which represents a metabolic condition with the highest allostatic load score. These findings evidence a high mitochondrial plasticity against stress stimuli, providing new insights to define the threshold level of stress condition in fish.
Keywords
PERPUCP2SOD2Fis1Mfn1PGC1αUCP3GPx4AIFM1Tom22ACAA2MFN2Derlin-1TIM23Tom70transcription factor A, mitochondrialTim44hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenasemtHsp70PRDX3PRDX5Tim22NRF1Bcl2UPRCATNrf2OXPHOSCpt1aECHmtTFAROSUcp1Thermal stressBaxanalysis of varianceANOVAHADHCitrate synthaseendoplasmic reticulumNuclear respiratory factor 1nuclear respiratory factor 2Oxidative phosphorylationTeleostMitochondrial metabolismmitofusin 1mitofusin 2Unfolded protein responseperoxiredoxin 3Peroxiredoxin 5mitochondrial fission 1 proteinuncoupling protein 1uncoupling protein 2Uncoupling protein 3Catalasecarnitine palmitoyltransferase 1aglutathione reductaseglutathione peroxidase 4Reactive oxygen species
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Authors
Azucena Bermejo-Nogales, Marit Nederlof, Laura Benedito-Palos, Gabriel F. Ballester-Lozano, Ole Folkedal, Rolf Eric Olsen, Ariadna Sitjà -Bobadilla, Jaume Pérez-Sánchez,