Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
5904568 | Nutrition Research | 2011 | 11 Pages |
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most fatal and the third most diagnosed type of cancer worldwide. Despite having multifactorial causes, most CRC cases are mainly determined by dietary factors. In recent years, a large number of studies have attributed a protective effect to polyphenols and foods containing these compounds (fruits and vegetables) against CRC. Indeed, polyphenols have been reported to interfere with cancer initiation, promotion, and progression, acting as chemopreventive agents. The aim of this review is to summarize the main chemopreventive properties of some polyphenols (quercetin, rutin, myricetin, chrysin, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, epicatechin, catechin, resveratrol, and xanthohumol) against CRC, observed in cell culture models. From the data reviewed in this article, it can be concluded that these compounds inhibit cell growth, by inducing cell cycle arrest and/or apoptosis; inhibit proliferation, angiogenesis, and/or metastasis; and exhibit anti-inflammatory and/or antioxidant effects. In turn, these effects involve multiple molecular and biochemical mechanisms of action, which are still not completely characterized. Thus, caution is mandatory when attempting to extrapolate the observations obtained in CRC cell line studies to humans.
Keywords
EGFRTNFFHCPRBPPAREpigallocatechin-3-gallateiNOSCatechinsERKEGCGCyPIGFCOXNF-κBCDKMAPKcyclooxygenaseButyrateDietColorectal cancerinducible nitric oxide synthaseCytochrome P450Nuclear factor κ BVascular endothelial growth factorVascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF)Insulin-like growth factortumor necrosis factorPolyphenolsChemopreventionCRCQuercetinExtracellular signal–regulated kinasemitogen-activated protein kinasescyclin-dependent kinaseEpidermal growth factor receptorestrogen receptors
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Authors
João R. Araújo, Pedro Gonçalves, Fátima Martel,