Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
5905361 | Gene | 2015 | 11 Pages |
Abstract
The CAS (Crk-associated substrate) adaptor protein family consists of four members: CASS1/BCAR1/p130Cas, CASS2/NEDD9/HEF1/Cas-L, CASS3/EFS/Sin and CASS4/HEPL. While CAS proteins lack enzymatic activity, they contain specific recognition and binding sites for assembly of larger signaling complexes that are essential for cell proliferation, survival, migration, and other processes. All family members are intermediates in integrin-dependent signaling pathways mediated at focal adhesions, and associate with FAK and SRC family kinases to activate downstream effectors regulating the actin cytoskeleton. Most studies of CAS proteins to date have been focused on the first two members, BCAR1 and NEDD9, with altered expression of these proteins now appreciated as influencing disease development and prognosis for cancer and other serious pathological conditions. For these family members, additional mechanisms of action have been defined in receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) signaling, estrogen receptor signaling or cell cycle progression, involving discrete partner proteins such as SHC, NSP proteins, or AURKA. By contrast, EFS and CASS4 have been less studied, although structure-function analyses indicate they conserve many elements with the better-known family members. Intriguingly, a number of recent studies have implicated these proteins in immune system function, and the pathogenesis of developmental disorders, autoimmune disorders including Crohn's disease, Alzheimer's disease, cancer and other diseases. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of EFS and CASS4 protein function in the context of the larger CAS family group.
Keywords
5-HTPBMCNFATTSSGATA-3CHSATFTCrUCSCFAKCASERKCIZTECCGSMSSC3GNSPAPPEFsSHCIP3AP-1IL-2PYK2MC3RMSIRHDBRAFTNMZEB1ADPKDKGFCrkGEFRTKSH2RAP1NF-κβChediak–Higashi syndromemTECPLC-γSH3LYSTPitx2A549CCAATLNCaPAurora A kinaseGEPLTEPIP2zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1PTP1BH1299c-SrcPTP-PESTCHS1Bcar1IgapNEDD9KCNMA1FAK-related non-kinaseCDCP1RAPGEF1CHOP-10HEF1Cas-LFLNCFRNKPTK2BRPTPα5-hydroxytryptamine, serotoninOct-6C/EBPαc-RafCCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alphaGMsPTpaseSrc homology 2 domainSrc homology 3 domainPOUAURKAinflammationinterleukin 2sinCrk-associated substrateMicrosatellite instabilityAlzheimer's diseaseautosomal dominant polycystic kidney diseaseautoimmune regulatorLysosomal trafficking regulatorRTK, Receptor tyrosine kinaseUniversity of California Santa CruzDNA sequencediacylglycerolDecodeDAGmicrosatellite stableNSCLCNon-small cell lung cancerProstate cancerPeripheral blood mononuclear cellKeratinocyte growth factornuclear factor of activated T-cellsguanine nucleotide exchange factornuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cellsactivating transcription factorGenome-wide association studyGWASUveal melanomaodds ratioNckSignal transductionAIREProtein tyrosine phosphataseProtein tyrosine phosphatase 1Bactivator protein 1amyloid precursor proteinGene expression profileSingle nucleotide polymorphismprognosisSNPextracellular-signal-regulated kinasefocal adhesion kinaseGasGroup A streptococciT-cell receptor
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Authors
Alexander Deneka, Vladislav Korobeynikov, Erica A. Golemis,