On the incompatibilities of interaction scales and processes with focus on the work of adhesion

Dupré and extended work of adhesion processes for two- and three-phase systems differ considerably depending on the constraints. As shown, the Dupré work of adhesion processes may be double (two-phase systems) or opposite (three-phase systems) as compared to the extended work of adhesion. Only extended work of adhesion agrees with commonly accepted Hamaker and solubility parameter or exchange energy density processes.165