Regulation of the MIR155 host gene in physiological and pathological processes

Article ID	Journal	Published Year	Pages	File Type
5906107	Gene	2013	63 Pages	PDF

Abstract

MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a family of small nonprotein-coding RNAs, play a critical role in posttranscriptional gene regulation by acting as adaptors for the miRNA-induced silencing complex to inhibit gene expression by targeting mRNAs for translational repression and/or cleavage. miR-155-5p and miR-155-3p are processed from the B-cell Integration Cluster (BIC) gene (now designated, MIR155 host gene or MIR155HG). MiR-155-5p is highly expressed in both activated B- and T-cells and in monocytes/macrophages. MiR-155-5p is one of the best characterized miRNAs and recent data indicate that miR-155-5p plays a critical role in various physiological and pathological processes such as hematopoietic lineage differentiation, immunity, inflammation, viral infections, cancer, cardiovascular disease, and Down syndrome. In this review we summarize the mechanisms by which MIR155HG expression can be regulated. Given that the pathologies mediated by miR-155-5p result from the over-expression of this miRNA it may be possible to therapeutically attenuate miR-155-5p levels in the treatment of several pathological processes.

Keywords

CREB NF-κB NOD LPS FOXP3 Jnk HDACs p53 miRNAs MYD88 ERBB2 BIC ORF ETs CpG IL-10 AP-1 PKC Mecp2 ncRNAs AT1R FADD miRISC miRNA-induced silencing complex BMDM IκBα DGCR8 DLBCL Activation-induced cytidine deaminase CFH Ripk1 HOXA9 IRF3 RIG-I KSHV LMP1 K562 ISRE SMAD H3K4 3T3-L1 AICDA miRNA*BACH1 HL-60 H3K9 Skp2 v-erb-b2 erythroblastic leukemia viral oncogene homolog 2 PBX EBNA2 pri-miRNAs S-phase kinase-associated protein 2 MDV MEIS1 Ccr4-Not JunB SATB1 B-CLL miRSNP Primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma ETS1 H2A PMBL MC3 Methyl-CpG-binding protein hPBMC AML E26 transformation-specific human promyelocytic leukemia cell line homeobox protein Hsa21 KH-type splicing regulatory protein 3′-UTR 3′-untranslated region c/ebpβ c-Jun N-terminal kinase CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β HSPCs pDCs competing endogenous RNAs non-coding RNAs angiotensin II type 1 receptor Angiotensin II PEL cAMP response element-binding EBV chromatin immunoprecipitation Interleukin-10 Complement factor H Jarid2 forkhead box P3 Ang II breast cancer 1, early onset ceRNAs Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells plasmacytoid dendritic cells Down syndrome Interferon regulatory factor 3 nuclear factor κB FosB open reading frame Primary effusion lymphoma Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma acute myeloid leukemia B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia lipopolysaccharide Bone marrow-derived macrophages Myb Histone H2A Histone H3 Epstein–Barr virus Marek's disease virus Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 tumor protein 53 Latent membrane protein 1 activator protein 1 programmed cell death protein 4 Protein kinase C poly(I:C)pre-miRNAs CHiP BRCA1 retinoic acid-inducible gene I Human chromosome 21