Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
5916834 | Molecular Immunology | 2015 | 6 Pages |
Abstract
Interleukin-33 (IL-33) is a recently discovered cytokine that belongs to the IL-1 superfamily and acts as an important regulator in several allergic disorders. It is considered to function as an alarmin, or danger cytokine, that is released upon structural cell damage. IL-33 activates several immune cells, including Th2 cells, mast cells and basophils, following its interaction with a cell surface heterodimer consisting of an IL-1 receptor-related protein ST2 (IL-1RL1) and IL-1 receptor accessory protein (IL-1RAcP). This activation leads to the production of a variety of Th2-like cytokines that mediate allergic-type immune responses. Thus, IL-33 appears to be a double-edged sword because, in addition to its important contribution to host defence, it exacerbates allergic responses, such as allergic rhinitis and asthma. A major purported mechanism of IL-33 in allergy is the activation of mast cells to produce a variety of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge regarding the genetics and physiology of IL-33 and IL-1RL1 and its association with different allergic diseases by focusing on its effects on mast cells and basophils.
Keywords
JnkSCFBMMCsGWAERKPGD2SNPsMYD88IL-33eQTLsIL-1RAcPTSLPGATA1NF-κBGATA2ECMc-Jun N-terminal kinasesp38 MAPKTLRsTRIFGenome-wide associationTIR-domain-containing adapter-inducing interferon-βbasophilExpression quantitative trait locitumour necrosis factor alphaTIRGastrointestinal tractGI tractVascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF)vascular endothelial growth factor.Stem Cell FactorTNF-αnuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cellsThymic stromal lymphopoietinExtracellular matrixMast cellToll like receptorsSignal transductionHckIL-1 receptor accessory proteinp38 mitogen-activated protein kinasesProstaglandin D2Single-nucleotide polymorphismsmyeloid differentiation primary response gene (88)hematopoietic cell kinaseextracellular signal-regulated kinasesToll/interleukin-1 receptor
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Authors
Rohit Saluja, Maria E. Ketelaar, Tomasz Hawro, Martin K. Church, Marcus Maurer, Martijn C. Nawijn,