Electrocorticographic functional mapping identifies human cortex critical for auditory and visual naming

► Standard dominant temporal or frontal resections can cause language deficits. ► Deficits can also occur after resections tailored by cortical stimulation mapping. ► Electrocorticographic (ECoG) high gamma activity maps cortex critical for naming. ► ECoG maps auditory more often than visual naming within standard resection boundaries. ► Naming deficits can occur if ECoG maps are not taken into account.