Gender differences in the longitudinal associations of depressive symptoms and leisure-time physical activity with cognitive decline in ≥ 57 year-old Taiwanese

We found gender differences in the longitudinal association between depressive symptoms and cognitive decline. Long-term LTPA may loosen the association between long-term depressive symptoms and cognitive decline. These findings are useful in the identification of vulnerable elderly in the Taiwanese population and public health interventions should focus on assisting their cognitive aging.