Osteomas involving the facial skeleton: a report of 2 cases and review of the literature

Osteomas are benign slow-growing tumors. These lesions are essentially restricted to the craniofacial skeleton and rarely diagnosed in other bones. The etiology is often multifactorial. It could be genetic or congenital, (Gardner syndrome) or related to endocrine disorders, chronic inflammatory processes, or traumas. In this work, the authors wanted to illustrate the correlation between the presence of multiple osteomas in the craniofacial skeleton and Gardner syndrome to underscore the importance of the role of the oral surgeon in the early identification of this pathology. Malignant evolution of intestinal lesions arising from Gardner syndrome can be avoided if diagnosed in an early stage. Two significant clinical cases are described and discussed. In the first one, a diagnosis of Gardner syndrome was made after colonoscopy.