TGF-β1-induced phospholamban expression alters esophageal smooth muscle cell contraction in patients with eosinophilic esophagitis

We describe a previously unrecognized mechanism for ESM cell contraction that depends on TGF-β1, its receptors, and PLN. Because PLN levels are increased in smooth muscle from patients with EoE and PLN silencing diminishes contraction, we provide a novel potential mechanistic framework and therapeutic target for ESM dysfunction in patients with EoE.