Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
6116692 | Human Immunology | 2013 | 8 Pages |
Abstract
Recent studies strongly suggest an increasing role for immune responses against self-antigens (Ags) which are not encoded by the major histocompatibility complex in the immunopathogenesis of allograft rejection. Although, improved surgical techniques coupled with improved methods to detect and avoid sensitization against donor human leukocyte antigen (HLA) have improved the immediate and short term function of transplanted organs. However, acute and chronic rejection still remains a vexing problem for the long term function of the transplanted organ. Immediately following organ transplantation, several factors both immune and non immune mechanisms lead to the development of local inflammatory milieu which sets the stage for allograft rejection. Traditionally, development of antibodies (Abs) against mismatched donor HLA have been implicated in the development of Ab mediated rejection. However, recent studies from our laboratory and others have demonstrated that development of humoral and cellular immune responses against non-HLA self-Ags may contribute in the pathogenesis of allograft rejection. There are reports demonstrating that immune responses to self-Ags especially Abs to the self-Ags as well as cellular immune responses especially through IL17 has significant pro-fibrotic properties leading to chronic allograft failure. This review summarizes recent studies demonstrating the role for immune responses to self-Ags in allograft immunity leading to rejection as well as present recent evidence suggesting there is interplay between allo- and autoimmunity leading to allograft dysfunction.
Keywords
mTORDSAOLTAECHIF-1αOADAPCPGDAMRiNKTAGTR1TRALINHBECAVBOSCollagen Vobliterative airway diseasetransfusion-related lung injuryIRIinvariant natural killer T cellsantibody mediated rejectiondonor specific antibodiesHuman leukocyte antigenHLAangiotensin II type 1 receptorprimary graft dysfunctionhuman bronchial epithelialchronic rejectionAirway epithelial cellsDendritic cellsantigen presenting cellBronchiolitis obliterans syndromecytomegalovirusCMVcardiac allograft vasculopathyHypoxia Inducible Factormajor histocompatibility complexMHCCANMicachronic allograft nephropathymammalian target of rapamycinHepatitis C virusHCVAntibodyAntigenTransplantationorthotopic liver transplantationtransplant glomerulopathy
Related Topics
Life Sciences
Immunology and Microbiology
Immunology
Authors
Nataraju Angaswamy, Venkataswarup Tiriveedhi, Nayan J. Sarma, Vijay Subramanian, Christina Klein, Jason Wellen, Surendra Shenoy, William C. Chapman, T. Mohanakumar,