Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
6122835 | Journal of Infection | 2015 | 8 Pages |
Abstract
Early antifungal therapeutic strategies are proposed during invasive fungal infection (IFI), but antifungal stewardship programs should institute a systematic reevaluation of prescriptions, particularly in the context of empirical treatment. Here, we aimed to evaluate the performances and particularly the negative predictive value (NPV) of diagnostic strategies, including a whole blood panfungal quantitative PCR assay (PF-qPCR) in a high risk population for IFI. The first step was to standardize and optimize a new PF-qPCR targeting ITS2 region. Then, this method was evaluated in a multicenter prospective study including 313 patients with suspected IFI for whom an early antifungal treatment was prescribed. All patients enrolled at day 0 of their treatment benefited from serum Aspergillus galactomannan (GM) antigen detection twice a week, weekly PF-qPCR assay, and when indicated and feasible, CT-scan and mycological sampling. In total, 125 of 313 patients were diagnosed with IFI: 68 invasive aspergillosis (eight proven, 48 probable and 12 possible), one fusariosis, 47 candidemia, three disseminated candidiasis and six cryptococcosis. Globally, the sensitivity of the PF-qPCR assay was only 40%, but the specificity, PPV and NPV were 96%, 88% and 69%, respectively. In the population of patients at high risk for invasive aspergillosis who also benefited from Aspergillus GM detection, the sensitivity and the NPV of the combined detection reached to 78% and 84%, respectively. Even higher NPV were obtained when combining negative PF-qPCR and CT scan (95%) as well as negative GM and CT scan (93%), thus allowing to rationalize and re-evaluate the prescription of empirical treatment in such highly selected population.
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Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology
Authors
Lilia Hasseine, Sophie Cassaing, Florence Robert-Gangneux, Judith Fillaux, Pierre Marty, Jean-Pierre Gangneux,