In vitro amodiaquine resistance and its association with mutations in pfcrt and pfmdr1 genes of Plasmodium falciparum isolates from Nigeria

► There is increasing trend in reduced susceptibility of P. falciparum to Amodiaquine. ► Double mutant CVIET pfcrt haplotype + pfmdr1Tyr86 allele is associated with AQ resistance in vitro. ► These may serve as epidemiological tool for monitoring the spread of AQ resistance as it is a partner drug in the ACTs. ► There is a need to evaluate the role of other SNPs on these genes or other genes in AQ resistance.