Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
6163514 | Kidney International | 2014 | 8 Pages |
Abstract
Obesity could affect associations between creatinine generation, estimated body surface area, and excretory burden, with effects on chronic kidney disease assessment. We therefore examined the impact of obesity on the performances of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), the urine albumin:creatinine ratio (ACR), and excretory burden in 3611 participants of the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort. Urine creatinine excretion significantly increased with body mass index (BMI) (34 and 31% greater at 40Â kg/m2 or more versus the normal of 18.5-25Â kg/m2) in men and women, respectively, such that patients with a normal BMI and an ACR of 30Â mg/g had the same 24-h albuminuria as severely obese patients with ACR 23Â mg/g. The bias of eGFR (referenced to body surface area-indexed iothalamate (i-)GFR) had a U-shaped relationship to obesity in men but progressively increased in women. Nevertheless, obesity-associated body surface area increases were accompanied by a greater absolute (non-indexed) iGFR for a given eGFR, particularly in men. Two men with eGFRs of 45Â ml/min per 1.73Â m2, height 1.76Â m, and BMI 22 or 45Â kg/m2 had absolute iGFRs of 46 and 62Â ml/min, respectively. The excretory burden, assessed as urine urea nitrogen and estimated dietary phosphorus, sodium, and potassium intakes, also increased in obesity. However, obese men had lower odds of anemia, hyperkalemia, and hyperphosphatemia. Thus, for a given ACR and eGFR, obese individuals have greater albuminuria, absolute GFR, and excretory burden. This has implications for chronic kidney disease management, screening, and research.
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Authors
James Fotheringham, Nicholas Weatherley, Bisher Kawar, Damian G. Fogarty, Timothy Ellam,