Seromuscular Grafts for Bladder Reconstruction: Extra-luminal Demucosalisation of the Bowel

Extraluminal dissection creates robust seromuscular flaps and prevents both regrowth by colonic epithelial cells and contamination of the tissue by exposure to the bowel contents. This technique should find application in a range of bladder reconstruction techniques, including composite cystoplasty and autoaugmentation.