Eye movement testing in clinical examination

The clinical vision examination routinely includes an evaluation of ocular motor function. In a number of diverse situations, thorough objective recording of eye movements is warranted, using any of a variety of eye-tracking technologies that are available currently to clinicians. Here we review the clinical uses of eye tracking, with both an historical and contemporary view. We also consider several new imaging technologies that are becoming available in clinics and include inbuilt eye-tracking capability. These highly sensitive eye trackers should be useful for evaluating a variety of subtle, but important, oculomotor signs and disorders.

► Objective eye-movement recording has been performed for a little over a century. ► Eye-movement recordings provide information about a range of clinical conditions. ► Several types of clinical instruments can potentially provide eye-movement data.