The neuropathological approach to the diagnosis of brain tumours

This review provides an introduction to the concepts and practical aspects concerning the diagnosis of neoplasms involving the brain. Principles of the WHO classification are described, including concepts of lineage origin of brain tumours and aetiology (environment versus genetic predisposition). The importance of neuroimaging in the context of the intraoperative diagnostic approach and formulation of differential diagnoses is emphasized. A brief overview of immunohistochemical markers is provided. Common cytological and architectural patterns are illustrated with educational case material.