Gains of item-specific training in visual working memory and their neural correlates

► Working memory for Chinese characters was tested before and after training. ► Training enhanced memory performance for the trained items in a change detection task. ► Neural correlates of these effects were disclosed by FMRI during pre- and post-test. ► Effects were observed within superior intraparietal sulcus and middle occipital gyrus. ► Neural activity was reduced for trained items and this correlated with memory gains.