Learning and memory in Octopus vulgaris: a case of biological plasticity

•Octopuses are successful animals in a great variety of learning paradigms.•Cephalopods' learning still contribute to neuroscience and physiology.•Learning in octopus provided a template for cybernetics.•Cephalopods behavioral plasticity candidate invertebrates as EU regulated species.

Here we concisely summarize major aspects of the learning capabilities of the cephalopod mollusc Octopus vulgaris, a solitary living marine invertebrate. We aim to provide a backdrop against which neurobiology of these animals can be further interpreted and thus soliciting further interest for one of the most advanced members of invertebrate animals.